Oops, I forgot about this (buried in work which is now done).
The white/green power wire is common between the tach, fuel gauge, and coolant temperature gauge. (You probably haven't noticed that the fuel gauge is holding position due to failed power supply rather than showing the current, up-to-date fuel level ... yet.) It is not shared with instrument lighting and the high beam indicator is fed to the cluster from a different source (more on this later).
White/green goes to the 3-pin connector in the cluster wiring, not the big connector.
White/green is fed from "sub fuse C" which feeds the instruments and the headlight ... and therein, most likely, lies your problem (and why the high beam indicator went out ... it went out because the entire headlight circuit is out!)
White/green goes through the harness to the high/low beam selector switch, and from there, the circuit obviously splits and goes to high beam (and indicator lamp) or low beam bulbs.
Question: Has your bike been modified so that it uses high and low beam together? If so, inspect the inside of your high/low beam selector switch to make sure someone didn't make a mess of the wiring and result in a ground-fault there.
High and low beam together should work correctly (and not blow the fuse) provided that the bulbs are the standard wattage, not higher-powered replacement bulbs.
If that's not it, the fault is most likely with the headlight bulb itself; they've been known to short out internally. Try switching to low beam and replacing the fuse again. If it works OK then there's your problem.
If the failure occurs on either high or low beam then inspect the internals of the high/low beam selector switch and the wiring leading to that switch.
Still stumped? To find out if the failure is in the harness itself, unplug the 3-wire connector to the instruments and unplug the big multi-pin connector to the switchgear on the left handlebar. At this point, there is no load on that circuit. If it blows the fuse in that condition ... you need to trace the wiring in the main harness back to the fuse, which is not much fun.
I don't think you'll get to that point. If the fault is not inside the high/low beam switch due to a butchered modification, the fault is most likely with the headlight bulb that you were using at the time (sounds like high beam).